Tracing the execution of the java code

Question

Trace the execution of the code below in the memory diagram. Based on your diagram, give the value that will be printed out when the program is executed.

public class TraceMe2
{
      public static void main(String[] args)
      {
            int[] array = (2, 5, 3, 4, 6, 1};
            int value = 5;
            setRemainingvalues (array, 4, value);
            System.out.println(Arrays.tostring(array));
       }
       public static void setRemainingValues(int[] data, int start, int target)
       {
            int[] result = new int[data.length];
            for (int index=start; index ‹ data.length; ++index)
            {
                  result[index] = target;
            }
            data = result;
       }
}

Summary

In this question, we have been provided a java code and we will be tracing the execution of the code.

The output of the given code is:
[2, 5, 3, 4, 6, 1]
The memory allocation for every identifier is stored in the main stack frame for the main function, by storing the data in heap.
While, the identifiers in setReaminingValues are stored in the setAlternativeValues stack frame, and the data will be stored in heap.

Explanation 

First, the main function is called, and the identifiers and their contents are stored in the main stack frame.
First, at the location, 104 the array reference of heap address is stored.
The array elements are stored in heap one by one at locations 1000, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005.
Then, the value identifier with content 5, is stored at location 103.
And then, the function call for the setReaminingvalues() reference address is located at 102, which contains the address of setAlternativeStack.
And at last, at location 101, Println() function will be stored with contents of output.

Tracing the java code.

Main Stack Frame

Heap

In the setAlternativeValues stack frame, the identifier data points to the reference 1000 of the heap, and it is stored at location 206.
The start variable is stored at 205, which has 4.
The target variable is stored at 204, with address 103 pointing to the main stack frame.
All the contents in the stack are stored in a last in first out manner.

setAlternativeValues stack frame

The output for this code is:
[2, 5, 3, 4, 6, 1]

Also read, Differences between a HashMap and a Hashtable in Java?