Resources provided by the connection layer protocol to the network layer

Question:

What resources might be provided by a connection layer protocol to the network layer? Which of these connectivity layer resources has an IP counterpart? As far as TCP is concerned?

Summary:

Given are some questions related to data communication and network layers. We need to answer about the resources provided by the connection layer protocol to the network layer.

Explanation:

Network layer:

The network layer is the process of delivery of data from the source to the destination work.

Services provided by the network layer are:

1) Logical addressing.  

1. Logical addressing means IP addressing.
2. Thus this layer is dealing with the IP addresses.
3. So, it helps the router to take decisions. 
4. The packet in the router will have a source IP address the destination IP address.
5. And this router knows what the source of that packet is and what is the destination of the packet.
6. So the network layer is concerned about routing.

 

2) Routing:

It is the process to find the best route for the packet transmission. There will be many routes for a packet to reach the destination. It is the responsibility of the router to find the best route. For finding the best route it uses Ip addresses.

Functions of network layer:

The key function of the network layer is to move packets from a sending host to a receiving host. The important network-layer functions are:

• Forwarding.
• Routing.

 

And some other functions of the network layer are;

• Provide host addressing (IP).
• Choose the best path to the destination network.
• Switch packets out of the correct interface (Forwarding).
• Maintain quality of service (QoS).
• Connectionless end-to-end networking.

Design issues with network layer:

1. Determining the routings of packets from source to destination.
2. If there are many packets, it will form bottlenecks. 
3. Service quality (delay, transmit time, jitter) is a network issue.

 

The control of these issues belongs to the network layer.

Resources provided by the connection layer protocol to the network layer:

Network layers coordinate with devices such as routers, multilayer switches, wireless routers. Connection layer protocol establishes a connection between peers. The connection between pairs is used before data can be sent between the terminals. It is established starting from the communication. If the connection is established, we can send a message. An example of connection-oriented is transmission control protocol (TCP).  

 

The internet protocol suite for the network layer is:

• IPv4, IPv6- 

1. 1. Contains 32-bit integers and is long with four addresses.
   2. IPv6 uses a 128-bit internet address with eight groups.
   3. 4th and 6th generation internet protocol.
   4. Used for packaging, forwarding, and delivery of packets.

• ICMPv4- Handles errors.
• IGMP- Helps in multicasting.

 

Some other protocols are ICMP, IPsec, EIGRP. Some of the routers are OSPF, BGP, IS-IS.

 

Also, read Constructor (with the function signature) and the destructor with the function signature writing the code for facing issues.